This list of Internet top-level domains (TLD) contains top-level domains, which are those domains in the DNS root zone of the Domain Name System of the Internet. A list of the top-level domains by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is maintained at the Root Zone Database. IANA also oversees the approval process for new proposed top-level domains for ICANN. , the IANA root database includes 1593 TLDs. This database also includes 156 that are not assigned (revoked or retired) and 11 test domains, all of which are not represented in IANA's TLD listing nor in the root.zone file (the file also includes one root domain).
Types
IANA distinguishes the following groups of top-level domains:
infrastructure top-level domain (ARPA) generic top-level domains (gTLD) generic-restricted top-level domains (grTLD) sponsored top-level domains (sTLD) country code top-level domains (ccTLD) test top-level domains (tTLD)
Original top-level domains Seven generic top-level domains were created early in the development of the Internet, prior to the creation of ICANN in 1998.
DNS name Intended use ManagersNotes Has support for IDNs? DS records for DNSSEC? SLD IPv6 .com Commercial Verisign This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Though originally intended for use by for-profit business entities, it became the main TLD for domain names, used by all types of entities including nonprofits, schools, and private individuals. Domain name registrations may be successfully challenged if the holder cannot prove an outside relation justifying reservation of the name, to prevent "squatting". It was originally administered by the United States Department of Defense. .org Organization Public Interest Registry This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Originally created as a miscellaneous category as stated in RFC 920 (October 1984) "...any other domains meeting the second level requirements," and clarified in RFC 1591 (March 1994), "This domain is intended as the miscellaneous TLD for organizations that didn't fit anywhere else. Some non-government organizations may fit here." While mainly non-profits have used this domain, it was never restricted from miscellaneous use. .net Network Verisign This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. According to RFC 1591 (March 1994) "This domain is intended to hold only the computers of network providers." .int International Internet Assigned Numbers Authority The .int TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, and programs endorsed by a treaty between two or more nations. However, a few grandfathered domains do not meet these criteria. .edu Education Educause (via Verisign) The .edu TLD is limited to higher educational institutions, for example trade schools and universities. In the U.S., its use was restricted in 2001 to post-secondary institutions accredited by an agency on the list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies. This domain is therefore almost exclusively used by colleges and universities. Some institutions, such as the Exploratorium, that do not meet the registration criteria have grandfathered domain names. .gov U.S. national and state government agencies Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (via Verisign) The .gov TLD is limited to United States governmental entities and agencies as well as qualifying state, county and local municipal government agencies, and tribal governments. .mil U.S. military United States Department of Defense The .mil TLD is restricted to departments, services and agencies of the United States Department of War.
Infrastructure top-level domains Infrastructure Entity Notes IDN DNSSEC .arpa "Address and Routing Parameter Area" Originally assigned to the Advanced Research Projects Agency in the early days on the Internet, .arpa is now exclusively used as an Internet infrastructure TLD.
Country code top-level domains
As of 20 May 2017, there were 255 country-code top-level domains, purely in the Latin alphabet, using two-character codes. , the number was 316, with the addition of internationalized domains.
Proposed internationalized ccTLDs
ICANN-era generic top-level domains Target market: intended use Operator: entity the registry has been delegated to DNSSEC: presence of DS records for Domain Name System Security Extensions
English
Chinese DNS nameChinese termTranslationRestrictionsManagerHas support for IDNs? DS records for DNSSEC? .ren "people/person" in Mandarin pinyin Restricted TLD (Cancelled) .shouji mobile phone QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. .tushu books Amazon Registry Services, Inc. .wanggou online shopping Amazon Registry Services, Inc. .weibo wēibó microblogging Sina Corporation .xihuan like QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. .xin credit; honest Alibaba Group
French DNS nameTranslationRestrictionsManagerHas support for IDNs?DS records for DNSSEC? .arte Association relative à la télévision européenne, whose acronym is arte, "art" Association Relative à la Télévision Européenne G.E.I.E. .clinique "clinic or hospital" — The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. .luxe "luxury" — Minds + Machines .maison "house" Identity Digital .moi "me" — Amazon Registry Services, Inc. .rsvp Invitations and replies Charleston Road Registry Inc. (Google)Operated by Charleston Road Registry, Inc., a subsidiary of Google. See . .sarl Société à responsabilité limitée, Francophone Limited liability company Identity Digital
German DNS nameTranslationRestrictionsManagerHas support for IDNs? DS records for DNSSEC? .epost e-mail Deutsche Post AG .gmbh GmbH Current or pending designation as a GmbH company whose existence can be validated with the respective public authorities in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein or Switzerland. Identity Digital .haus "house" Identity Digital .immobilien "real estate" Identity DigitalOperating as Dog Beach, LLC, a shell company subsidiary of Identity Digital .jetzt "now" Identity Digital .kaufen "buy" Identity Digital .kinder "children" Restricted .brand TLD for use by the Kinder brand of sweets. Ferrero Trading Lux S.A. .reise "travel" Must be an eligible member of the travel business community and domain must be used for travel-related purposes.§5, Policy for the Registration of .reise Domain Names , dotreise GmbH. Accessed on line 2 December 2014. Identity Digital .reisen "traveling" Identity Digital .schule "school" Identity Digital .versicherung "insurance"
Hindi DNS nameTranslationRestrictionsManagerHas support for IDNs? DS records for DNSSEC? .desi Desi (), term for the peoples of the Indian subcontinent Desi Networks .shiksha , "education" Identity Digital
Italian DNS nameTranslationRestrictionsManagerHas support for IDNs? DS records for DNSSEC? .casa "house" Minds + Machines .immo French, German, and Italian abbreviation for "real estate" Identity DigitalOperating as Binky Moon, LLC, a shell company subsidiary of Identity Digital .moda "fashion" Identity Digital .voto "vote", for election and campaign websites Initially only available to registrations in the United States. Identity Digital
Portuguese DNS nameTranslationRestrictionsManagerHas support for IDNs? DS records for DNSSEC? .bom "good" Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR – NIC.br .passagens "ticket" Travel Reservations SRL
Spanish DNS nameTranslationRestrictionsManagerHas support for IDNs? DS records for DNSSEC? .abogado "lawyer" Restricted to licensed lawyers or law firms.General Eligibility Requirements and Principles for the new .LAW and .ABOGADO top-level domains , accessed on line 20 November 2014. Minds + MachinesA subsidiary of Minds + Machines Group (formerly Top Level Domain Holdings.) .futbol "Football" (soccer) Identity Digital .gratis "free" Identity Digital .hoteles "hotels" Travel Reservations SRL .juegos "games" Identity Digital .ltda companies in South America Domains are limited to registered LTDAs (like LLCs) in Brazil, Colombia, Chile, and Ecuador. InterNetX .soy "I am"Also refers to the soybean and its food derivatives Charleston Road Registry Inc. (Google) .tienda "shop", "store" Identity Digital .uno "one", for websites targeting Spanish speaking consumers .viajes "travel" or "trips" Identity Digital .vuelos "flights" Travel Reservations SRL
Internationalized generic top-level domains All of these TLDs are internationalized domain names (IDN) and support second-level IDNs.
Arabic script DNS NameIDNLanguageScriptTransliterationEnglish TranslationNotesDS records for DNSSEC? . Arabic Arabic mawqiʿ "site" or "location" Open TLD . kūm com Owned by: VeriSign Sarl . mūbāylī Mobily Owned by: GreenTech Consultancy Company W.L.L. . kāthūlīk Catholic Owned by: Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication) Arabic shabaka "network" Open TLD . baytak your home Owned by: Kuwait Finance House . Persian bâzâr "market", "bazaar" Open TLD
Chinese characters DNS NameIDNLanguageScriptTransliterationEnglish TranslationNotesDS records for DNSSEC? Chinese Chinese (Simplified) zàixiàn "online" Open TLD.The Chinese Government quickly bought 20,000 internationalized subdomains for localities. rowspan="18" Zhōngwén wǎng "(written) Chinese (language) network" . wǎngzhǐ "network address" or "website" Open TLD . wǎngzhàn "website" wǎngluò "network" Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) gōngsī "business organization" or "company" . shāngchéng "mall" . Chinese (Simplified) jīgòu "agency" . wǒ ài nǐ "I love you" . shāngbiāo "trademark" . Chinese and Japanese Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji shìjièsekai "world" . Chinese Chinese (Simplified) jítuán "conglomerate" . Chinese and Japanese Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji císhànjizen "philanthropy" . Chinese Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) bāguà "gossip" . Chinese and Japanese Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Kanji gōngyìkōeki "philanthropy" . Chinese Chinese (Simplified) gòuwù "shopping" . shǒujī "cell phone" . Chinese (Simplified and Traditional) zhèngfǔ "public affairs" Second level restricted to ISO3166-1 country codes; third level registrations restricted to governmental organizations, or public institutions
Cyrillic script DNS NameIDNLanguageScriptTransliterationEnglish TranslationNotes!DS records for DNSSEC? . Russian Cyrillic (Russian) dyeti "kids" or "children" Open TLD . Cyrillic Katolik "сatholic" (as noun) Owned by: Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (Pontifical Council for Social Communications) . Russian Cyrillic (Russian) kom "com" Owned by: VeriSign Sarl .онлайн onlain "online" Open TLD . org "org" or "organization" Open TLD sait "site" Open TLD . rf "Russian Federation"
Japanese characters DNS Name IDNScriptTransliterationEnglish TranslationNotes!DS records for DNSSEC? Hiragana minna everyone Open TLD Katakana sēru sale Owned by: Amazon Registry Services, Inc. fasshon fashion sutoa store pointo point kuraudo cloud komu com Owned by: VeriSign Sarl
Other scripts DNS NameIDNLanguageScriptTransliterationEnglish TranslationNotes!DS records for DNSSEC?.বাংলাBengaliBengaliBānlāBanglaOpen TLD xn‑‑h2brj9c.HindiDevanagaribharatIndia . Marathi, Hindi Devanagari saṅgaṭhana "organization" Open TLD . kom com . net net . Korean Hangul datkeom / tatk'ŏm dotcom . datnet / tatnet dotnet . Hebrew Hebrew kum com Open TLD . Thai Thai khom com
Geographic top-level domains
Africa DNS nameTarget geographic areaNotesHas support for IDNs? DS records for DNSSEC? .africa Africa .capetown Cape Town, South Africa .durban Durban, South Africa .joburg Johannesburg, South Africa
Asia