The Gulf of Oman or Sea of Oman, also known as Gulf of Makran or Sea of Makran, is a gulf in the Indian Ocean that connects the Arabian Sea with the Strait of Hormuz, which then runs to the Persian Gulf. It borders Iran and Pakistan on the north, Oman on the south, and the United Arab Emirates on the west.
Extent The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Gulf of Oman as follows:
Exclusive economic zone Exclusive economic zones in Gulf of Oman:
NumberCountryArea (Km2)1 108,7792 65,8503 4,371 4 2,000 TotalGulf of Oman 181,000
Bordering countries Coastline length of bordering countries:
Alternative names
The Gulf of Oman historically and geographically has been referred to by different names by Arabian, Iranian, Indian, Pakistani, and European geographers and travelers, including Makran Sea and Akhzar Sea.
Makran Sea Akhzar Sea Persian Sea (consists of the whole of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman)
Until the 18th century, it was known as Makran Sea and is also visible on historical maps and museums.
Major ports Port of Fujairah, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates Khor Fakkan Container Terminal, Khor Fakkan, United Arab Emirates Port of Chabahar, Chabahar, Iran Port Sultan Qaboos, Muttrah, Oman
International trade The Western side of the gulf connects to the Strait of Hormuz, a strategic route through which a third of the world's liquefied natural gas and 20% of global oil consumption passes from Middle East producers.
Ecology
In 2018, scientists confirmed the Gulf of Oman contains one of the world's largest marine dead zones, where the ocean contains little or no oxygen and marine wildlife cannot exist. The dead zone encompasses nearly the entire Gulf of Oman and equivalent to the size of Florida, United States of America. The cause is a combination of increased ocean warming and increased runoff of nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers.
International underwater rail tunnel In 2018, a rail tunnel under the sea was suggested to link the UAE with the western coast of India. The bullet train tunnel would be supported by pontoons and be nearly in length."A 2,000-km-long underwater rail will connect Mumbai to the UAE very soon!", Times of India, 30 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2021."The UAE Wants an Underwater Bullet Train to India", Futurism.com, 5 December 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2021.
See also Eastern Arabia General Maritime Treaty of 1820 History of the United Arab Emirates#Pearling and the subsequent section Musandam Peninsula Saeed bin Butti#Perpetual Maritime Truce Sultan bin Saqr Al Qasimi#Perpetual Maritime Truce of 1853 Incidents: Persian Gulf campaign of 1809 Persian Gulf campaign of 1819 May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident June 2019 Gulf of Oman incident
Notes
References
Further reading The Book of Duarte Barbosa by Duarte Barbosa, Mansel Longworth Dames. 1989. p. 79. . The Natural History of Pliny. by Pliny, Henry Thomas Riley, John Bostock. 1855. p. 117. The Countries and Tribes of the Persian Gulf by Samuel Barrett Miles. 1966. p. 148. The Life & Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe of York, Mariner by Daniel Defoe. 1895. p. 279. The Outline of History: Being a Plain History of Life and Mankind by Herbert George Well. 1920. p. 379. The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge by Johann Jakob Herzog, Philip Schaff, Albert Hauck. 1910. p. 242.