IARC group 3

IARC group 3 substances, chemical mixtures and exposure circumstances are those that can not be classified in regard to their carcinogenicity to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This category is used most commonly for agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances for which the level of evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans and inadequate or limited in experimental animals. Exceptionally, agents (mixtures) for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans, but sufficient in experimental animals may be placed in this category when there is strong evidence that the mechanism of carcinogenicity in experimental animals does not operate in humans. Agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances that do not fall into any other group are also placed in this category.

The IARC Monographs on which this list is based assess the hazard linked to the agents, they do not assess the cancer risk of the agents. The list is up-to-date as of January 2024.

Agents and groups of agents

A

Acenaphthene Acepyrene Aciclovir Acridine orange Acriflavinium chloride Acrylic acid Acrylic fibres Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers Actinomycin D Agaritine Aldicarb Aldrin Allyl chloride Allyl isothiocyanate Allyl isovalerate Amaranth (dye) 5-Aminoacenaphthene 2-Aminoanthraquinone para-Aminobenzoic acid 1-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone 2-Amino-4-nitrophenol 2-Amino-5-nitrophenol 4-Amino-2-nitrophenol 2-Amino-5-nitrothiazole 11-Aminoundecanoic acid Amitrole Ampicillin Anaesthetics, volatile Angelicin plus ultraviolet A radiation para-Anisidine Anthanthrene Anthracene Anthranilic acid Antimony trisulfide Apholate para-Aramid fibrils Atrazine Aurothioglucose (Auranofin) 2-(1-Aziridinyl)ethanol Aziridyl benzoquinone Azobenzene

B

11H-Benz[bc]aceanthrylene Benz[l]aceanthrylene Benz[a]acridine Benz[c]acridine Benzo[g]chrysene Benzo[a]fluoranthene Benzo[ghi]fluoranthene Benzo[a]fluorene Benzo[b]fluorene Benzo[c]fluorene Benzo[ghi]perylene Benzo[e]pyrene p-Benzoquinone dioxime Benzoyl peroxide Benzyl acetate Bis(1-aziridinyl)morpholinophosphine sulfide Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether 1,2-Bis(chloromethoxy)ethane 1,4-Bis(chloromethoxymethyl)benzene Bis(2-chloro-1-methylethyl)ether Bis(2,3-epoxycyclopentyl)ether Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (Aralditeâ) Bisulfites Blue VRS Brilliant Blue FCF, disodium salt Bromochloroacetonitrile Bromoethane Bromoform 2-Butoxyethanol 1-tert-Butoxy-2-propanol n-Butyl acrylate Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) Butyl benzyl phthalate γ-Butyrolactone

C

Caffeine Cantharidin Caprolactam Captan Carbaryl 3-Carbethoxypsoralen Carmoisine Carrageenan Chloramine Chlordimeform Chlorinated drinking water Chloroacetonitrile Chlorobenzilate Chlorodibromomethane Chlorodifluoromethane Chloroethane Chlorofluoromethane 4-Chloro-meta-phenylenediamine Chloronitrobenzenes Chloropropham Chloroquine 5-Chloro-ortho-toluidine 2-Chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Cholesterol Chromium(III) compounds Chromium, metallic Chrysoidine CI Acid Orange 3 Cimetidine Cinnamyl anthranilate CI Pigment Red 3 Citrinin Clofibrate Clomiphene citrate Coal dust Cobalt(II) sulfide Cobalt(II,III) oxide Other cobalt(II) compounds (not including soluble cobalt(II) salts, cobalt(II) oxide, cobalt(II,III) oxide, and cobalt(II) sulfide) Continuous glass filament Copper 8-hydroxyquinoline Coronene Coumarin m-Cresidine Cyclamates Cyclochlorotine Cyclohexanone 4H-Cyclopenta[def]chrysene 5,6-Cyclopenteno-1,2-benzanthracene

D

D & C Red No. 9 Dapsone Decabromodiphenyl oxide Deltamethrin Diacetylaminoazotoluene Diallate 1,2-Diamino-4-nitrobenzene 1,4-Diamino-2-nitrobenzene 2,5-Diaminotoluene Diazepam Diazomethane Dibenz[a,c]anthracene Dibenz[a,j]anthracene Dibenzo-p-dioxin Dibenzo[a,e]fluoranthene 13H-Dibenzo[a,g]fluorene Dibenzo[h,rst]pentaphene Dibenzo[a,e]pyrene Dibenzo[e,l]pyrene Dichloroacetonitrile Dichloroacetylene m-Dichlorobenzene o-Dichlorobenzene trans-1,4-Dichlorobutene 2,6-Dichloro-p-phenylenediamine Dicofol Didanosine Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate N,N'-Diethylthiourea 1,2-Dihydroaceanthrylene Dihydroxymethylfuratrizine Dimethoxane 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine-4,4'-diisocyanate p-Dimethylaminoazobenzenediazo sodium sulfonate 4,4'-Dimethylangelicin plus ultraviolet A radiation 4,5'-Dimethylangelicin plus ultraviolet A radiation N,N-Dimethylaniline 1,4-Dimethylphenanthrene 3,5-Dinitrotoluene Dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine 2,4'-Diphenyldiamine Disperse Yellow 3 Disulfiram Dithranol Doxefazepam Doxylamine succinate Droloxifene Dulcin

E–G

Electric fields (extremely low-frequency) Electric fields (static) Endrin Eosin 3,4-Epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclo-hexanecarboxylate cis-9,10-Epoxystearic acid Estazolam Ethionamide Ethylene Ethylene sulfide Ethylenethiourea Ethyl selenac Ethyl tellurac Eugenol Evans blue Fast Green FCF Fenvalerate Ferbam Ferric oxide Fluometuron Fluoranthene Fluorene Fluorescent lighting Fluorides (inorganic, used in drinking-water) 5-Fluorouracil Foreign bodies, implanted in tissues Metallic chromium or titanium, cobalt-based, chromium-based and titanium-based alloys, stainless steel and depleted uranium Furazolidone Furfural Furosemide (Frusemide) Gemfibrozil Glycidyl oleate Glycidyl stearate Guinea Green B Gyromitrin

H–L

Haematite HC Blue No. 2 HC Red No. 3 HC Yellow No. 4 Hepatitis D virus Hexachlorobutadiene Hexachlorophene Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II Hycanthone mesylate Hydralazine Hydrochloric acid Hydrogen peroxide Hydroquinone 4-Hydroxyazobenzene 8-Hydroxyquinoline Hydroxysenkirkine Hydroxyurea Hypochlorite salts Insulation glass wool Iron-dextrin complex Iron sorbitol-citric acid complex Isatidine Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (Isoniazid) Isophosphamide Isopropanol Isopropyl oils Isosafrole Jacobine Kaempferol Kojic acid Lauroyl peroxide Lead compounds, organic Leucogentian violet Light Green SF D-Limonene Luteoskyrin

M

Madder root (Rubia tinctorum) Magnetic fields (static) Malachite green Maleic hydrazide Malonaldehyde Maneb Mannomustine dihydrochloride Medphalan 6-Mercaptopurine Mercury and inorganic mercury compounds Metabisulfites Methimazole Methotrexate Methoxychlor 5-Methylangelicin Methyl bromide Methyl tert-butyl ether Methyl carbamate Methyl chloride 1-Methylchrysene 2-Methylchrysene 3-Methylchrysene 4-Methylchrysene 6-Methylchrysene N-Methyl-N,4-dinitrosoaniline 4,4'-Methylene bis(N,N-dimethyl)benzenamine 4,4'-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate 2-Methylfluoranthene 3-Methylfluoranthene Methylglyoxal Methyl iodide Methyl methacrylate Methyl parathion 1-Methylphenanthrene 7-Methylpyrido[3,4-c]psoralen Methyl red Methyl selenac Microcystis extracts Modacrylic fibres Monuron Morpholine Musk ambrette Musk xylene

N–O

1,5-Naphthalenediamine 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Naphtho[1,2-b]fluoranthene Naphtho[2,1-a]fluoranthene Naphtho[2,3-e]pyrene 1-Naphthylamine 1-Naphthylthiourea (ANTU) Nithiazide 5-Nitro-ortho-anisidine 9-Nitroanthracene 7-Nitrobenz[a]anthracene 6-Nitrobenzo[a]pyrene 4-Nitrobiphenyl 3-Nitrofluoranthene Nitrofural (Nitrofurazone) Nitrofurantoin 1-Nitronaphthalene 2-Nitronaphthalene 3-Nitroperylene 2-Nitropyrene N'-Nitrosoanabasine N'-Nitrosoanatabine N-Nitrosodiphenylamine para-Nitrosodiphenylamine N-Nitrosofolic acid N-Nitrosoguvacine N-Nitrosoguvacoline N-Nitrosohydroxyproline 3-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)propionaldehyde 4-(N-Nitrosomethylamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanal (NNA) N-Nitrosoproline Nitrotoluenes 5-Nitro-ortho-toluidine Nitrovin Nodularins Nylon 6 Oestradiol mustard Opisthorchis felineus (infection with) Orange I Orange G Oxyphenbutazone

P

Palygorskite (attapulgite) (short fibres, < 5 micrometers) Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) Parasorbic acid Patulin Penicillic acid Pentachloroethane Pentavalent antimony Permethrin Perylene Petasitenine Phenanthrene Phenelzine sulfate Phenicarbazide Phenol Phenylbutazone meta-Phenylenediamine para-Phenylenediamine N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine ortho-Phenylphenol Picene Picloram β-Picoline Piperonyl butoxide Polyacrylic acid Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (other than 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) Polychlorinated dibenzofurans Polychloroprene Polyethylene Polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate Polymethyl methacrylate Polypropylene Polystyrene Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) Polyurethane foams Polyvinyl acetate Polyvinyl alcohol Polyvinyl chloride Polyvinyl pyrrolidone Ponceau SX Potassium bis(2-hydroxyethyl)dithiocarbamate Prazepam Prednimustine Prednisone Proflavine salts Pronetalol hydrochloride Propham n-Propyl carbamate Propylene Ptaquiloside Pyrene Pyridine Pyrido[3,4-c]psoralen Pyrimethamine

Q–R

Quercetin para-Quinone Quintozene (Pentachloronitrobenzene) Reserpine Resorcinol Retrorsine Rhodamine B Rhodamine 6G Rifampicin Ripazepam Rock (stone) wool Rugulosin

S

Saccharated iron oxide Saccharin and its salts Scarlet Red Schistosoma mansoni (infection with) Selenium and selenium compounds Semicarbazide hydrochloride Seneciphylline Senkirkine Sepiolite Shikimic acid Silica, amorphous Simazine Slag wool Sodium chlorite Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate Spironolactone Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers Styrene-butadiene copolymers Succinic anhydride Sudan I Sudan II Sudan III Sudan Brown RR Sudan Red 7B Sulfafurazole (Sulfisoxazole) Sulfamethazine Sulfamethoxazole Sulfites Sulfur dioxide Sunset Yellow FCF Surgical implants Orthopaedic implants and devices, of complex composition Cardiac pacemakers Dental materials Ceramic materials Surgical implants, female breast reconstruction, silicone SV40 Symphytine

T

Talc, not containing asbestiform fibres Tannic acid and tannins Temazepam 2,2',5,5'-Tetrachlorobenzidine Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium salts Theobromine Theophylline Thiourea Thiram Toluene Toremifene Toxins derived from Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum and F. crookwellense (zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and fusarenone X) Toxins derived from Fusarium sporotrichioides Trichlorfon Trichloroacetonitrile 1,1,2-Trichloroethane Triethanolamine Triethylene glycol diglycidyl ether Trifluralin 4,4',6-Trimethylangelicin plus ultraviolet A radiation 2,4,5-Trimethylaniline 2,4,6-Trimethylaniline 4,5',8-Trimethylpsoralen 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Triphenylene Tris(aziridinyl)-para-benzoquinone (Triaziquone) Tris(1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide 2,4,6-Tris(1-aziridinyl)-s-triazine Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate 1,2,3-Tris(chloromethoxy)propane Tris(2-methyl-1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide

U–Z

Vat Yellow 4 Vinblastine sulfate Vincristine sulfate Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers Vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymers Vinylidene fluoride N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Vinyl toluene Vitamin K substances Wollastonite Xylenes 2,4-Xylidine 2,5-Xylidine Yellow AB Yellow OB Zectran Zeolites other than erionite (clinoptilolite, phillipsite, mordenite, non-fibrous Japanese zeolite, synthetic zeolites) Zineb Ziram

Mixtures

Bitumens, steam-refined, cracking-residue and air-refined Coffee, drinking Crude oil Diesel fuels, distillate (light) Fuel oils, distillate (light) Jet fuel Mate, not very hot (drinking) Mineral oils, highly refined Petroleum solvents Printing inks Tea Terpene polychlorinates (Strobane®)

Exposure circumstances

Calcium carbide production Flat-glass and specialty glass (manufacture of) Hair colouring products (personal use of) Leather goods manufacture Leather tanning and processing Lumber and sawmill industries (including logging) Paint manufacture (occupational exposure in) Pulp and paper manufacture

See also IARC group 1 IARC group 2A IARC group 2B

References

External links Description of the list of classifications , IARC List of Classifications (latest version)

List of classifications by cancer site (last updated on 5 November 2015)

ja:IARC発がん性リスク一覧